Academic Resources

Aardoom, J. J., Dingemans, A. E., Boogaard, L. H., & Van Furth, E. F. (2014). Internet and patient empowerment in individuals with symptoms of an eating disorder: A cross-sectional investigation of a pro-recovery focused e-community. Eating Behaviors, 15(3), 350–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.04.003

Alcoholics Anonymous. (2001). Alcoholics Anonymous. The story of how many thousands of men and women have recovered from alcoholism (4th ed.). Alcoholics Anonymous World Services.

Allen, A., & Hollander, E. (2004). Similarities and differences between body dysmorphic disorder and other disorders. Psychiatric Annals, 34, 927–933.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR) (4^th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) (5^th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). APA Dictionary of Psychology. Somatoform disorder. https://dictionary.apa.org/somatoform-disorder

Arminen, I. (2004). Second stories: The salience of interpersonal communication for mutual help in Alcoholics Anonymous. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(2), 319–347.

Balkundi, P., & Kilduff, M. (2006). The ties that lead: A social network approach to leadership. The Leadership Quarterly 17, 419–439.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall.

Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior, 31, 143–164.

Bambina, A. (2007). Online social support: The interplay of social networks and computer-mediated communication. Cambria Press.

Barak, A., Boniel-Nissim, M., & Suler, J. (2008). Fostering empowerment in online support groups. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1867–1883.

Benne, K. D., & Sheats, P. (2007). Functional roles of group members. Group Facilitation: A Research & Applications Journal, 8, 30–35

Buchanan, H., & Coulson, N. S. (2007). Accessing dental anxiety online support groups: An exploratory qualitative study of motives and experiences. Patient Education and Counseling, 66(3), 263–269.

Buhlmann, U. (2011). Treatment barriers for individuals with body dysmorphic disorder: An internet survey. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 199(4), 268–271.

Buhlmann, U., Cook, L., Fama, J., & Wilhelm, S. (2007). Perceived teasing experiences in body dysmorphic disorder. Body Image, 4(4),   381-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.06.004

Chang, P. F., & Bazarova, N. N. (2016). Managing stigma: Disclosure-response communication patterns in pro-anorexia websites. Health Communication, 31(2), 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2014.946218

Chung, J. E. (2013). Social networking in online support groups for health: How online social networking benefits patients. Journal of Health Communication, 19(6), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2012.757396

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Crerand, C. E., Sarwer, D. B., & Ryan, M. (2017). Cosmetic medical and surgical treatments and body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 431-448). Oxford University Press.

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Fawcett, E., Power, H., & Fawcett, J. M. (2020). Women are at greater risk of OCD than men: A meta-analytic review of OCD prevalence worldwide. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81 (4). https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.19r13085

Feinstein, B. A., Hershenberg, R., Bhatia, V., Latack, J. A., Meuwly, N., & Davila, J. (2013). Negative social comparison on Facebook and depressive symptoms: Rumination as a mechanism. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 2(3), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033111

Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140.

Festinger, L. (1962). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford University Press.

Feusner, J. D., Neziroglu, F., Wilhelm, S., Mancusi, L., & Bohon, C. (2010). What causes BDD: Research findings and a proposed model. Psychiatric Annals, 40(7), 349-355.

Fisher, E. E. (2016). Am I ugly or do I have BDD?: Personal disclosure and social support on a body dysmorphic disorder online forum. [Doctoral dissertation, Colorado State University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.

Giles, D. C., & Newbold, J. (2011). Self- and other-diagnosis in user-led mental health online communities. Qualitative Health Research, 21(3), 419-428. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732310381388

Giles, D. C., & Newbold, J. (2013). ‘Is this normal?’ The role of category predicates in constructing mental illness online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 18, 476-490.

Graham, T., & Wright, S. (2014). Discursive equality and everyday talk online: The impact of ‘super participants’. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(3), 625–642.

Greenberg, J. L., Limoncelli, K. E., & Wilhelm, S. (2017). Body dysmorphic disorder by proxy. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 95-101). Oxford University Press.

Greene, K., Derlega, V. J., & Mathews, A. (2006). Self-disclosure in personal relationships. In A. L. Vangelisti & D. Perlman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships. (pp. 409-427). Cambridge University Press.

Hardaker, C. (2015). “I refuse to respond to this obvious troll”: An overview of responses to (perceived) trolling. Corpora, 10(2), 201–229. https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2015.0074

Hart, A. S., & Niemiec, M. A. (2017). Comorbidity and personality in body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 125-136). Oxford University Press.

Hartmann, A.S., & Buhlmann, U. (2017). Prevalence and underrecognition of body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 49-60). Oxford University Press.

Kelly, M. M., Brault, M. E., & Didie, E. R. (2017). Psychosocial functioning and quality of life in body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 139-153). Oxford University Press.

Kelly, M. M., & Kent, M. (2017). The relationship between body dysmorphic disorder and social anxiety disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 493-502). Oxford University Press.

Kim, E., Han, J., Moon, T., Shaw, B., Shah, D. V., McTavish, F. M., & Gustafson, D. H. (2012). The process and effect of supportive message expression and reception in online breast cancer support groups. Psycho-Oncology, 21(5), 531–540. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1942

Koran, L. M., Abujaoude, E., Large, M. D., & Serpe, R. T. (2008). The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in the United States adult population. CNS Spectrums, 13, pp. 316–22.

Kral, G. (2006). Online communities for mutual help: Fears, fiction, and facts. In M. Murero & R. E. Rice (Eds.), The internet and health care: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 215-232). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Malcolm, A., Pikoos, T. D., Grace, S. A., Castle, D. J., & Rossell, S. L. (2021). Childhood maltreatment and trauma is common and severe in body dysmorphic disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152256

Marques, L., Weingarden, H. M., LeBlanc, N. J., & Wilhelm, S. (2011). Treatment utilization and barriers to treatment engagement among people with body dysmorphic symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 70(3), 286–293.

Marques, L., Weingarden, H. M., LeBlanc, N. J., Siev, J., & Wilhelm, S. (2011). The relationship between perceived social support and severity of body dysmorphic disorder symptoms: The role of gender. Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria, 33(3), 238–244.

McCurdy-McKinnon, D., & Feusner, J. D. (2017). Neurobiology of body dysmorphic disorder: Heritability/genetics, brain circuitry, and visual processing. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 253-276). Oxford University Press.

Mo, P. K. H., & Coulson, N. S. (2014). Are online support groups always beneficial? A qualitative exploration of the empowering and disempowering processes of participation within HIV/AIDS-related online support groups. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(7), 983–993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.11.006

Newman, M., Lauterbach, D., Munson, S., Resnick, P., & Morris, M. (2011). “It’s not that I don’t have problems, I’m just not putting them on Facebook”: Challenges and opportunities in using online social networks for health. Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on computer supported cooperative work, 341–350.

Neziroglu, F., & Barile, N. (2017). Environmental factors in body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 277-284). Oxford University Press.

Pennebaker, J. W., & Seagal, J. D. (1999). Forming a story: The health benefits of narrative. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(10), 1243–1254.

Phillips, K. A. (2017a). Classification of body dysmorphic disorder and relevance for patient care. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 33-45). Oxford University Press.

Phillips, K. A. (2017b). Suicidality and aggressive behavior in body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 155-170). Oxford University Press.

Phillips, K. A. (2017c). Pharmacotherapy and other somatic treatments for body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 333-355). Oxford University Press.

Phillips, K. A. (2017d). Insight and delusional beliefs in body dysmorphic disorder. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 103-113). Oxford University Press.

Phillips, K. A. (2017e). Differentiating body dysmorphic disorder from normal appearance concerns and other mental disorders. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 227-239). Oxford University Press.

Phillips, K. A., Didie, E., Feusner, J., & Wilhelm, S. (2008). Body dysmorphic disorder: Treating an underrecognized disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(9), 1111–1118.

Phillips, K. A., McElroy, S. L., Keck, P. E. Jr., Pope, H. G. Jr., & Hudson, J. I. (1993). Body dysmorphic disorder: 30 cases of imagined ugliness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 302–308.

Rosenblum, G. D., & Lewis, M. (1999). The relations among body image, physical attractiveness, and body mass in adolescence. Child Development, 70(1), 50–64.

Rytina, S. (2008). Imagined ugliness. Scientific American Mind, 19(6), 72.

Simmons, R. A., & Phillips, K.A. (2017). Core clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder: Appearance preoccupations, negative emotions, core beliefs, and repetitive and avoidance behaviors. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 61-80). Oxford University Press.

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Tanis, M. (2008). Health-related on-line forums: What’s the big attraction? Journal of Health Communication, 13(7), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730802415316

Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592

Tichon, J. G., & Shapiro, M. (2003). The process of sharing social support in cyberspace. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 6(2), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103321640356

Tignol, J., Biraben-Gotzamanis, L., Martin-Guehl, C., Grabot, D., & Aouizerate, B. (2007). Body dysmorphic disorder and cosmetic surgery: Evolution of 24 subjects with a minimal defect in appearance 5 years after their request for cosmetic surgery. European Psychiatry, 22(8), 520–524.

Van Noppen, B., & Sassano-Higgens, S. (2017). The family and body dysmorphic disorder: Impact, responses, and a suggested family-based treatment approach. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 411-427). Oxford University Press.

van Uden-Kraan, C. F., Drossaert, C. H. C., Taal, E., Shaw, B. R., Seydel, E. R., & van de Laar, M. A. F. J. (2008). Empowering processes and outcomes of participation in online support groups for patients with breast cancer, arthritis and fibromyalgia. Qualitative Health Research, 18, 405–417.

van Uden-Kraan, C. F., Drossaert, C. H. C., Taal, E., Seydel, E. R., & van de Laar, M. A. F. J. (2008). Self-reported differences in empowerment between lurkers and posters in online patient support groups. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 10(2), e18. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.992

van Uden-Kraan, C. F., Drossaert, C. H. C., Taal, E., Seydel, E. R., & van de Laar, M. A. F. J. (2009). Participation in online patient support groups endorses patients’ empowerment. Patient Education and Counseling, 74(1), 61–69.

Veale, D., Ennis, M., & Lambrou, C. (2002). Possible association of body dysmorphic disorder with an occupation or education in art and design. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(10), 1788–1790.

Veale, D., Phillips, K.A., & Nezioglu, F. (2017). Challenges in assessing and treating patients with body dysmorphic disorder and recommended approaches. In Katharine A. Phillips, M.D. (Ed.), Body dysmorphic disorder: Advances in research and clinical practice (pp. 313-332). Oxford University Press.

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